Author: Dr. Laura Hayes

According to the USDA, nationwide inventory dropped to 28.2 million this year — the lowest level since the 1970s and down 2% from a year ago. Agricultural economists say persistent …

As with any other animal species, feed enters the digestive system of through the mouth. use the tongue, lower incisor and canine teeth, and an upper dental pad to graze or otherwise acquire feed. The dental pad is a coarse, fibrous tissue that replaces the upper incisor and canine teeth; it is a feature unique to ruminants.

Protein in diets is commonly expressed as crude protein. To determine the crude protein content of a forage or feedstuff, first measure the nitrogen content of the feed. Then multiply the nitrogen value by 6.25, because proteins typically contain 16 percent nitrogen (1/.16 = 6.25). Crude protein is comprised of both true protein and …

Energy systems for growing developed by the AFRC , CSIRO and INRA are based on calorimetry, whereas systems used in North America [6,13] and Brazil rely on comparative slaughter trials. However, it is interesting to note that energy feeding systems for dairy in the USA (which may be relevant for suckler cows) were developed …

Within the OSU – Library, there are several articles demonstrating the importance of adequate nutrition for growth, reproduction and immunity of . More than 60% of annual production costs in operations can be associated with feeding, including forage production and feed purchase (Miller et al., 2001).

In , marginal TM deficiencies negatively affect antibody production after vaccination, as well as colostrum quality and quantity, and subsequent passive antibody transfer to the calves . Vaccination of calves before or after weaning is a major tool to prevent the many diseases affecting , such as BRD.

If the same cow price listed above was done as a hundredweight price, the sale report would list $172, which is $172/cwt. The math looks like this: 1,000 pound cow divided by 100 pounds = 10 cwt. 10 cwt x $172 = $1,720 each for the cow. The only difference here is how the selling price is handled in the sales ring.

The industry is the third-largest economic generator in Texas, contributing roughly $12 billion annually to the state’s economy and employing thousands of people. (AP Photo/David Goldman) A child plays in the dirt with a toy , horse and tractor carrying a bale of hay during a auction in Gainesville, Texas, Friday, April 21, 2023.

Chapter 1: System Approach to Cow Herd Management. Chapter 2: Selection and Management of Heifer and Young Cows. Chapter 3: Management for Lifetime Success in Young Cows. Chapter 4: Influence of Body Condition on Reproductive Performance. Chapter 5: Quality Assurance.

Knowing exactly how utilize protein is important to answering many nutrition questions producers and industry nutritionists pose to Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service specialists …

The BCS system used for cows ranges from 1 to 9, with a score of 1 reflecting cows that are emaciated and a score of 9 reflecting cows that are obese. Thin cows should receive a lower score and fat cows should receive a higher score. A description of each score follows, and the appearance of key areas of the body is provided in Figure 1 …

. There are over 1.5 million breeding cows in the UK, with a number of different pure breeds being reared. These include early-maturing British breeds, such as the Aberdeen Angus and the Hereford, and later-maturing continental breeds, such as the Limousin and the Charolais.

farmers and ranchers watch carefully over their cows and calves. Indeed, the success of the Canadian industry relies on healthy, well cared for . Canada has 60,000 farms and feedlots, with the industry contributing $21.8 billion to the gross domestic product at market prices, including $11.7 billion in labour …

Meeting market specifications is also important in determining the profitability of producing enterprises. End users of stock, including feedlots and processors, pay premiums for lines of that fit specifications, while discounting those that do not. A thorough understanding of the specifications for different markets enables …

2. Production Is Sustainable. You may have heard that contribute to greenhouse gases. Yes, produce methane, but they only account for 3.3 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. The USDA did a study and did not find production was a significant contributor to climate change. (Fossil fuel use is a far bigger culprit.)

Kentucky’s Industry. Kentucky ranks 8th in the nation in inventory and has the most of any state east of the Mississippi River. About 32,000 farms raise in Kentucky. Kentucky has nearly 1 million cows. Add calves, bulls, and dairy cows, and Kentucky has about 2 million at any given time.

producers can tail-chalk cows, at about 50 days after calving, while the cows are crowded in a long working chute or alley. Replacement heifers could be expected to have a high percentage of cycling animals when they are about 13-14 months of age and weigh approximately 65% of their expected mature body weight.

Vaccines are given to mitigate risk. Vaccines provide added insurance for producers to protect their herds from many different diseases. The factors that warrant vaccination are: The likelihood of disease exposure is high, or the risk of unprotected exposure to a disease is high. The vaccine is effective.

Globally, there are approximately one billion , and compared with poultry and swine, have the poorest conversion efficiency of feed to meat. However, these metrics fail to consider that produce high-quality protein from feeds that are unsuitable for other livestock species. the efficiency of are focusing on operational and …

These feeds are, in fact, good sources of most of the required . The values in Table 1 are the requirements (NRC, 1986) of most major for cows. Table 1. Mineral requirements of cows. NRC. (1986) Table 2. Calcium and phosphorus in a Pennsylvania pasture.

A comprehensive review of the impact of tropical pasture grazing, nutritional supplementation during feedlot finishing and fat metabolism-related genes on performance and meat-eating traits is presented. Grazing on low quality tropical forages with less than 5.6% crude protein, 10% soluble starches and 55% digestibility …

Although almost every nutrient imbalance that affects the productivity of has a name, the most prevalent of these imbalances in grazing is a condition known as hypomagnesemia. More commonly known as “grass tetany,” hypomagnesemia is due to a deficiency of magnesium in the animal’s system. This deficiency often occurs in …

A 100 g meat from grass-fed contained 2,773 mg less total SFA than from the same 100 g meat from grain-fed . Grass-fed also showed a more favorable SFA lipid profile containing less cholesterol-raising fatty acids (C12:0 to C16:0) but also contained a lesser amount of cholesterol-lowering C18:0 fatty acid in comparison …

Systems Approach to Management Improving quality means working within a complex system. systems integrate biol-ogy, ecology, economics, and even human behavior (Dunn and Johnson 2010). For many years, producers have adopted management and feeding practices and new technologies as they have become available.

owners can feed to a larger weight with less fear of fed numbers backing up. Those extra pounds are provided at a cost below the selling price of . The current production level has provided the retailers with enough product and sufficient margins to provide consumers some options for cuts.

Vaccination Programs for . By Jason Smith, PhD, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, Department of Animal Science. Reviewed/Revised Jul 2023. Vaccines are pharmaceutical products that are intended to be administered to healthy animals to better prepare the animal’s immune system to combat bacterial, viral, or protozoal health challenges.

normally do not receive the vitamin C (or L-ascorbic acid) supplementation in their diets because they can synthesize vitamin C in their liver (Mwangi et al., 2019, Park et al., 2018a). However, vitamin C plays an important role in collagen synthesis, oxidation-reduction reactions and infertility treatment ( Ranjan et al., 2012 ).

as Feed vs. Human Food. grain is used in production because of its advantages in improving the efficiency of growth 1. However, grain typically does not make up a large portion of diets until the end of their life cycle in a period called “finishing,” when are often housed in a feedlot (Figure 1).

Everything you need to know about Farming in South Africa, from the basics to the challenges you may face – Read More!

However, because of the contribution of microbial and body protein to the protein in feces, DP is more misleading than CP. One can estimate DP from the CP content of the diet fed to or sheep by the following equation: %DP = 0.9 (%CP) – 3, where %DP and %CP are the diet values on a DM basis.

Español. Since the 1950s, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a number of steroid hormone drugs for use in and sheep, including natural estrogen, progesterone …

Angus is famous for its marbling, tenderness, and rich flavor, guaranteeing you will savor every mouthwatering bite. Plus, Black Angus cows are known for their excellent maternal instincts, making them a good choice if breeding future is part of your homesteading plan. 6. Scottish Highland

This sessions provides a refresher on Artificial Insemination (AI) in , along with covering preparing for breeding and estrus synchronization protocols that can reduce labor and improve conception rates. Dr. McNabb also shares about different methods to determine conception.

Between 12% and 20% peNDF is recommended for growing and for limit-fed diets (NASEM 2016). The layman term for eNDF is the scratch value of the feed. If the rumen stops churning, acidic gases build up causing the pH to drop. The result is bloat, acidosis and/or founder, as well as reduced diet digestibility.

Additionally, leather can be made from the hide of . In terms of production, a bred heifer has a gestation (pregnancy) period of about 283 days (about 9½ months) before giving birth to a baby calf. Birthing is called calving. producers ensure that baby calves receive colostrum milk from their mothers a few hours after birth.

production systems. This textbook provides an integrated view of production with a systems based approach, discussing the interrelationships of a broad range of aspects with the overall goal of optimising production. This book provides the background to allow producers to match their production environments …

Production and Trade covers all aspects of the industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian production, written by experts in …

In a response to the report, Julia Herman, DVM, MS, a specialist veterinarian at the National Cattlemen’s Association, told CIDRAP News that farmers and ranchers “have long practiced the targeted and appropriate use of antibiotics for the under their care,” that the industry is committed to judicious …

US. total production 2000-2024. Published by. M. Shahbandeh , Mar 7, 2024. The total production in the United States is estimated to be 26.96 billion pounds in 2023, down from 28.29 …

Blackleg is a non-contagious but highly fatal disease, with nearly 100% death loss. Animals found alive can be given high doses of penicillin, but outcomes are poor. It is a peracute infection, meaning it is very severe and of very short duration. It will infect sheep of any age, but it mainly affects from six months to two years of age.

So with all that in mind, the postpartum interval, if conditions are ideal, for cows is between 50 and 60 days for an average of 55 days. First-calvers will be at least 10 days longer. I have some forage that is a summer annual and I tested it for nitrates. It tested on the high side of acceptable level of nitrates to be fed to pregnant …

Pricing. Fed weights and supplies Fed weights and supplies. Apr 30, 2024. 3 MinRead. Feedlot demand is strong as feedlots chase limited feeder supplies. Market Outlook. markets are getting back on track markets are getting back on track. Apr 29, 2024. 2 MinRead.

The industry in Ethiopia has got the chance that there is an example that can be used for production and there is a large population of and there are local animals like Horroo and …

livestock numbers on Maori farms New Zealand 2008-2020 Major U.S. states based on total value of and calves 2019 Top U.S. states based on inventory of and calves 2019

The 10 in the US. 1. Black Angus . Image Credit: pen_ash, Pixabay. Of all the types of bulls in production, the Black Angus is one of the most popular, with more than 330,000 registered animals. The carcass characteristics of these are what make them so high in demand.

Relatively fewer GWAS for bull fertility traits have focused on crossbred , which represent a significant proportion of the population, compared to purebred 20,21.

Forage-finished were finished at a lighter weight (~950 lb pounds) than grain-finished (~1,100 pounds) and dressed at a lower percentage (56% vs 60%). Forage-finished had 0.2 inches of back fat vs 0.5 inches for feedlot finished and as a result are leaner when delivered for slaughter compared to grain-finished .

In the western U.S. where Sexson breeds thousands of each year, AI has more momentum than the national average; 13.6% of western operations use the breeding tactic. Sexson says successful AI takes a willingness to accept advice and adjust management strategies that work for your herd.

The dietary energy associated with animal maintenance is about 70–75% in and 50% in dairy . The remaining nutritional energy is used to produce meat, milk, or gestation. The remaining nutritional energy is used to produce meat, milk, or gestation.

Nutrient Requirements of , Eighth Revised Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/19014. The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology.